In this schematic of plasmonic lithography, the plasmonic flying head produces nanoscale patterns onto the spinning disk covered with photo sensitive chemicals. Ultraviolet light is delivered through ...

Lithography, based on conventional ink-printing processes, is a technique for patterning a variety of layers, such as conductors, semiconductors, or dielectrics, on a surface. Nanopatterning stretches ...

The Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) was the first technique; in fact, it was invented in 1981 by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM Zurich and after five years they won Nobel Prize in physics.

Since the invention of atomic force microscopy (AFM) 1, it has had widespread application in non-destructive sample surface imaging and significant interest in its magnetic, electrical, and mechanical ...