As the industry takes a look at refrigerants beyond HFCs, a lot of attention has been focused on CO2 (carbon dioxide). Another refrigerant that has been looked at over the years is R-290 - propane.

Propane heat pumps for indoor use in single-family homes are now one step closer to commercialization. Germany’s Fraunhofer ISE has successfully developed a model of a heat pump refrigeration circuit ...

Currently heat pump manufacturers are mainly focusing on cost reductions and sustainable refrigerants. In the project “LC150” (Low Charge 150 g), the Fraun-hofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE ...

Heat pumps are a key technology in the heat transition, but many of the devices still use environmentally harmful refrigerants. The Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE has now developed ...

A comparison of LNG processes for tropical conditions showed that Shell double mixed refrigerant (DMR) process is a competitive alternative for the propane mixed refrigerant (C3MR) process. For both ...

In the transcritical refrigeration cycle, the refregierant travels through the the compressor but does not condense into a liquid, it just gets colder. Therefore, heat exchangers using copper tubing ...