The origins of consciousness date back about 540 million years ago, when animal bodies became more complex. Feelings like ...

New work explores why consciousness evolved and what observing birds can teach us about its biological purpose.

Consciousness evolved in stages, starting with basic survival responses like pain and alarm, then expanding into focused awareness and self-reflection. These layers help organisms avoid danger, learn ...

Walk into consciousness labs, and you will mostly find studies on humans relying on verbal reports. This evidence is then ...

"One Hand Clapping" draws from neuroscience, evolution, philosophy and a rich tapestry of cultural references to examine how Earth's history led to the formation of our own minds. The book reveals the ...

The universe has no brain. It has no gray matter, no nervous system, no neurons firing electrical impulses—and yet, that ...

We preselected all newsletters you had before unsubscribing.

Understanding the biological basis of consciousness or subjective experience is one of the most exciting and challenging projects of this century. For many reasons, an evolutionary approach to this ...

When René Descartes watched a mechanical figure move with lifelike precision in the 17th century, the scene unsettled him.