Signal transduction is the fundamental process by which cells convert external cues into tailored intracellular responses. Through a cascade of molecular events—beginning at the cell membrane with the ...

The most diverse functions of a cell in the human body – from cell division and differentiation to motility and programmed cell death – are controlled by signaling proteins within the cell. This ...

Efficient T-cell engineering is crucial for the success of CAR T-cell therapy research, but it requires multiple labor-intensive steps, including T-cell isolation, activation, and transduction.